|
|
|
Early 1970'sBelow are some pictures Sal took back in the 70's of his lab corner where he was involved in the designing and testing of RF power and sensing circuits for multi-frequency, Multi-Nuclei NMR probes and test instrumentation. Hope you find them interesting as I did being part of a team that set standards in analytical chemical analysis identification using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy technology. The concept was again modified and used for IR (Infrared) Dual Beam Spectrophotometry using an instrument developed around Michelson's Interferometer Light Propagation theory. This IR instrument was designed around a core coil similar to that of a speaker's voice coil that moved the mirror form a synchronized stating point. The resulting optical wave was then signal conditioned and digitized by the FFT data system. The same concept was also used for surface IR spectroscopy for measuring the thickness of Silicon Wafers. in those days 3 inch wafers were normal, now 12 and 18 inch wafers are normal and experiments using larger are being investigated. The pictures below, "my area of the lab", are of a NMR Data Analysis System and the RF Probe interface test & development setup I put together. The data system was actually a dual purpose FFT analysis package, designed from scratch using assembly and Fortran languages, that interfaced to both the NMR and a IR (Infra Red) spectrophotometer main sensing instruments. This was a great time for me, being able to have access to cutting edge technology and information to learn as well as several mentors who took the time to help and coach me. To the scientists and teachers that instilled in me the freedom to learn and to teach others, words cannot express the appreciation for your encouragement and teaching me by example. Top |
Photo 1
|
Photo 2
|
Photo 3
|
|
The other side of this large room was the manufacturing and system integration area where the NMR and IR systems were built. For those of you who can remember, wire wrap was a big thing for back planes and that vertical chassis in Photo 3 to the left of the teletype is the vertical chassis that is the data acquisition and digital interface This chassis backplane was wire wrapped and housed 28 plus 6"x8" cards that made up a high speed (2MHz) 16 bit co-adder and a X-Y DAC display interface for a simple Tektronix X-Y 6" display scope plus the 15 bit A/D converter that was interfaced to the Data General Nova computer for signal averaging. The device on the bench in Photo 1 and 2 is the is the actual NMR sample probe. The vertical rack of equipment, left, incorporates a custom designed 100 MHz pulsed 100 watt power amplifier used to stimulate the probe. The NMR probe was placed between a 23 Kilo-gauss homogenous magnetic field the size of the center circle on the probe about 20 MM. These pictures were taken with a Polaroid land camera in the early 70's, Photo 3 was with color film, all are over 30 years old. Yes, that is a new Teletype machine in Photo 2 and the large 19 inch square chassis under it was a very large disk drive (in those days). A big 256,000 byte eight head drive. This system used an original Data General Nova computer with 64Kbytes of magnetic core memory. The entire Disk Operating system took up less than 4K bytes. The vertical rack next to the teletype housed the custom designed pulsed power amplifiers used to stimulate the NMR probes orthogonal coils, one stimulus, one receive. A larger picture of the RF power amps is shown on the left in Photo 1. The A/D converter used in the system was a 15,000 Samples per second 15 bit converter. This entire analytical system is now in a laptop. TOP |
Photo
4
Photo 4 is the raw Spectra from the Probe setup being pulsed with a 100 watt 100 MHz 1 µsec RF pulse. The stimulus for the probe was a 1000 hertz 500 mv injection used to simulate the sample being between the actual 23K gauss magnet. The signal is the output of the Quadrature receiver and signal conditioning amplifier prior to the A/D conversion. The wave shaped is the Free Induction Decay (FID) of the sample in the probe. The NMR filed is mentioned as much as some of the other technologies but its contributions to science and chemistry are great. |
Photo 5
Photo 5 is the FFT spectrum from the data system. This was displayed on the 6" X-Y display scope. That was the graphics in those days. This was a 16 bit, 2048 point FFT and took about 10 seconds with the first release of the Data General Nova computer. Today's DSP's do this at 32 bits in milliseconds. Top |
|
Below is some actual spectra of Methyl-iodine I took with this system along with the TTY printout of the parameters. The TTY and the spectra paper were originally white and as you can see they both faded slightly after 28 years, this spectra was dated April 1975. Photo 6
|
Late 1970'sThe late 70's brought Sal into the data acquisition A/D/A computer peripherals world with Data general, DEC, Intel and Motorola's Mini & Microcomputers. During the late 70's Sal designed several board level Data acquisition systems for the Data General Nova® computer line, The DEC- PDP-11® and LSI-11® series. Sal also designed and developed assembly language diagnostic software for these systems to profile their performance. In those days some systems were shipped with a paper tape program that was loaded into RK05 disk drives. Below are a couple of designs that I completed. |
Photo 7
This is a Data Acquisition plug in card for the Data General Nova® series computer family. It is a 16 inch square card that plugs into one of the I/O slots of the chassis. It has 64 analog input channels and four DAC channels 12 bit resolution, 45,000 Samples per second. It was shipped with paper tape diagnostics and assembly language drivers. Both Data General and DEC computers had one great feature that made it great for scientific data collection and that was internal co-addition arbitration logic. What does that mean ? That means that you can retrieve data from an hardware DMA memory location and sum it to the data in the accumulator which was the current A/D conversion data, then store it back to the sum to that selected DMA memory location, then increment the memory address counter. All that with discrete logic chips as you can see on the card. A simple CPLD would do all of that and then some for a fraction of the cost. That was the basis of using and developing the FFT analyzer used in the NMR and IR system. Interesting enough the card sold in the $1400.00 range, typical of the higher speed cards today. |
Photo 8
Another product line designed by Sal is the Micro Nova® Data Acquisition interface series. The first interface was a complete 32 channel analog input card with 2 DAC's on board. The second was an eight channel analog output DAC card. The standard resolution at the time was only 12 bits. This resolution seems to have held its own over the years as well. The Data General Micro Nova® used a bus controller chip to go from a 16" board with a 100 plus pins on two connectors, down to an 8 inch board with two small connectors. The I/O controller chip on the Micro-Nova is very similar to the PCI express 8b/10b protocol but over 100-times slower. This was the first attempt of reducing bust wires on the back plain that failed, due to the expensive cost of the chip. Some software changes on the standard I/O communications were required , but in general the Micro-Nova® was software compatible and speed compatible with its big brother the Nova® and much smaller. During that time DEC came out with the LSI-11®, their micro PDP® line of computers that still used the BB-11 back plain but initiated the Q-Bus. I also worked on that design as well and when I find the pictures, I will post them. That was a card about the same size but still had the clumsy BB11 connector block. The Micro-Nova® card sold in the $650.00 range and is typical of the medium speed cards today after 25 plus years. TOP |
1
|
Sal continued to develop process control system products for the chemical processing and high-tech electronics industry. As founder Sal had the privilege to work and team up with some of the best scientists and engineers in the industry. This was an exciting time and a great education as well. As a consortium of research and development engineers and scientists we were able to establish teams focused to handle the required multi-discipline challenges. For a few years Sal developed an interest in Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and was awarded an contract to develop a control system for the coating of 36" mirrors. This was a personal interest for Sal to developed a few specialized PVD process control systems accurately control the deposition coating on very large mirrors used in telescopes. After that Sal took an interest in sonar and had the opportunity to perform receiver/transmitter designs working in the 3Khz sonar range up to the 300Khz acoustic transducer interfaces used in a variety of applications. Custom contracts with companies like Polaroid®, White Consolidated®, Rockwell International®, Honeywell®, Dow®, Corning® and many others have been a great educational experience for Sal. The TEA team has been very fortunate and grateful to have had these opportunities to design, develop and install process systems and instrumentation for several fortune 500 companies nation wide. By the end of the eighties, from the development of these larger systems, Sal began getting several inquiries for just the interface products alone that were used on the larger systems, hence, The Interface system area emerged. Discussions about looking into developing interfaces and establishing this as a viable business venture began to develop. After completing several custom interface contracts, and with the introduction of the IBM-PC Sal started to write several assembly language along with Fortran, Pascal, Basic and C programs for the custom and product line interfaces for the ISA, Microchannel, Vesa and other bus architectures. Our team established a market for developing peripheral interfaces for the PC market focusing on process control instrumentation applications. As founder Sal found his love for teaching surfacing again and from the completion of several peripheral designs he focused on developing teaching seminars. Sal developed two seminars, Interfacing to the IBM-PC and "Data Acquisition & Process Control Using Personal Computers", which was successfully presented for several years to promote the PC into the Industrial process control arena. |
1
|
Additions to the company along with the combination of TEA and Educare Seminars all combined to form a new company, BASIL Networks™, which will focus on OEM product development and small single element embedded control development for low to high volume manufactures. The evolvement of higher density components has led Sal to the development of putting more functions on a single interface peripheral. The focus to develop higher speed data acquisition and control peripherals for manufacturing test was very successful. BASIL Networks' focus is on laboratory test and measurement services for custom OEM products focusing on DFM methodologies for high volume automated manufacturing test. The business remains a multi-disciplined sole proprietorship company which still allows the flexibility required to develop the best team possible to address multi-discipline challenges. Top |
2
|
BASIL Networks™ establishes a research and development division focusing on professional industrial education over the Internet using private network connections. Focused areas of interest are Engineering, Development, Design for Manufacturing and Management. Over the years we have been able to establish a task focusing philosophy which we have presented to many manages by example. From this task focused philosophy BASIL Networks allow students to contribute to the learning process by developing their own products and marketing them established marketing programs, while insuring that the students maintain ownership and profits of their products. BASIL Networks seasoned resources in science, technology & business are the key to success for the young engineering student who wants to be different. Limited resources has delayed this on-going program and is still under development with additions being added during the new product development cycles at BASIL Networks. We would like to present this philosophy both on-line and at selected location seminar workshops, encouraging young and seasoned engineers, scientists and managers to see the benefits and profits from attending. In 2003 BASIL Networks™ started to investigate the security issues connected with Identity theft and network security breaches. This is by far the most difficult problem to solve. The span of issues not only cover legacy technology still active along with all variations up to the current technology. These security breaches also cover social computing behavior that allows security breaches. Some of the best security encryptions technology has been breached and broken because of poor security human behavior. With this in mind we have been researching a model to eliminate several of the variables out of the complex equation to increase the level of security in communications. One of the areas that Sal researched was the security of the wireless communications arena. With the increased use of wireless TCP/IP security was very weak. Sal started investigating modulation technology that could be used to secure TCP/IP wireless communications. The problem existed of how do we test something like this since the equipment available was very expensive and was limited to standard type modulation schemes and did not allow us to test the new modulation schemes Sal developed. . From the unconventional modulation schemes, Sal developed the PMG-130 a Programmable Modulation Generator series based on the Analog Device Quadrature DDS chip with the addition of a control CPLD that allows programmability of standard and unconventional modulation schemes to be developed and tested. From the completion of the PMG-130 came the next generation of the PMG series, the PMG-M-130, a multi-channel system used to research new modulation technologies for wireless communication. Sal has a long development list of products that are both medium and high volume to work on. Some are being funded internally. The internally funded products are open to manufacturers that want to add to their product line. Just contact Sal through our contact page. |
|
|
|
|
Copyright © 1990-2011 BASIL Networks PLLC. All
rights reserved webmaster |